Improvement in lamps for coal-oil stoves



J. BOWLES. Y

vLAMP POR COAL OIL STOVES.

Patented Feb. 7, 1871.

dirai/rb iatrt aan naar .JOHN BOWLES, OF AUGUSTA, GEORGA, ASSIGNOR TOHIMSLF AND SAMUEL BARD, OF SAME PLAGE.

Letters Patent No. 111,512, dated February 7, 187ml;

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMns FOR coAL-oiL s'rovEs.

The Schedule referred to in these'Letters Patent and making pari? Qf theSame.

tain Improvements in Lamps for Goal-oil Stoves,.of

which the following isa specification.

Nature and Objects of the4 Invention.

lThe first part of my invention relates to an im-` provemcnt 1n the formof thc water-pan to be interposed between the oil-reservoir and theburners of a coal-oil lamp, and consists in the formation of recesses onthe under side thereof, to embrace and cover the toothed orratchet-wheels and rods ou either-'side of the wick-tubes, serving tooperate the wicks therein; the object of this partei my invention beingto proevide a water-pan which shall rest closely and accuratel y upon alamp or oil-reservoir, whose wick-ratchets are arranged immediately uponthe top thereof, and to obtain thereby more compactness inthe-'structure of the complete larnp.

The second part of my ,invention relates to the combination oi' jacketsof= cloth or other.absorbentmaterial with the exterior surfaces of theprojections in the' water-pan made to embrace the wick-'tubes of thelamp; the object of this part oi' my invention being to keep saidwick-tubes cool by cooling the inclosing cas.

ing with a const-antsupply o f moisture.

lhe third part of my invention relates to the use of 'one or morevertical partitions placed in the wicktubes, transversely or parallelwith the ends thereof,

to divide the same longitudinally into separate tubes,

so closely approximating,however, that the ends of the wicks placedtherein, although separated, shall very nearly touch, and will producean unbroken flame from end to end ofthe nick-tube; the object of thispart of my invention being to overcome the ditticulties in obtaining auniform elevation and depression of the cxtremely'wide wicks required inlamps for `coal-oil stoves, by dividing the same into sections, so -thatwhile each may be moved independently with 'as lunch ease and regularityas a simple narrow wick, their simultaneous movement and closeapproximation will produce theeffect of an unbroken wick equal in widthto their combined widths.

lhe fourth part of vmy invention relates to an irnproved form ofwick-arrester, consisting of a bent spring or pawl placed exactlyopposite each ratchetwheel operating the wick, but on the side ofthewickvtube opposite thereto, so that 'the upper end oi' the -spring shallbear through a slot in the wick-tube `against the wick therein, or,jit'the upper end of the wick drops down 'below the saine, shall springacross the tube and engage the teeth ot' the ratchet, so as to preventits further revolution before the wick has fallen entirely below thereach of the ratchet-teeth; and in the combination with said spring ot acam ou a horizontal rod, whereby the spring may be thrown and faste'nedback when it is desired to relieve the. wick from its operation. The'object of this lpart of' my invention is to prevent, by an automaticdevice, the accidental forcing back of the wick into the oil.-reservoir, fromwhich it could not be removed without` tliiiciilty.

' .Description of the Acconqumy'ing Drawing. Figure 1 is a frontelevation of my improved coaloil lamp and heating apparatus. v Figure 2,a vertical section thereof transversely to the wick-tubes, in line :t :tof iig. 4.

Figure 3, a top view of the water-pan covering the oil-reservoi r.

Figure 4, a top view of the oil-reservoir, with the water-pan removed.

Figure 5,.enlargedsectional views ot' the wick-tubes. and theirratchet-wheels7 illustrating the combination of the-arresting springstherewith. i

General -Dcscriptfio n.

A is'the oil-reservoir, of the-wide, dat, and shallow form usuallyadopted for use with coal-oil stoves.

B B, two parallel wick-tubes projecting from the top thereof, andsecurely fastened thereto'with tight joints. These wick-tubes areextremely wide, as illnstrated in iig. 4, to produce wide-extendediames, but they are divided cach into two sections by a thin centraltransverse partition, o, tig. 4, so thateach wick is necessarily dividedlongitudinally in extending across the tube from end to end, or, rather,each tube is filled by two wicks, each fitting one of the sections,as'illustrated in said fig. 4.

l) is an openingin the top ot' the reservoir through which it is illedwith oil. This opening is fitted with a nozzle covered by a cap, D, andis provided with a iloat-rod, d, inserted therein to indicateautomatically the height of the oil in the vessel.

E E are lratchet-wheels, or toothed wheels formed and'itted as usual tothe wick-tubes upon horizontal rods or shaft-s extending to 4the outeredge of the vessel, and terminating in thumb-screws e e, as shown iniig. 4'. Two of said ratchet-wheels are provided for each division ofthe wicks, as illustrated in said figs-t.

Opposite a ratchet-wheel of each wick, andl on the opposite side ofthewick-tube therefrom, is secured a spring, F, (see tig. 5,) whose upperfree end is bent inward so as to pass through a slot in the wick-tube,and, when no wick inter-venes, engage with the teeth of the oppositeratchet-wheel, so as to prevent a revolution thereof. When the wickintcrvenesthe spring bears thereon, but with such moderate pressure asnot to impede its increment. Hence when the wick is above thelratchet-wheel thc latter is free to more in either direction to elevate'or depress the wick, but so soon as the wick drops below the uppertooth of the wheel, then projecting into th'e tube so as to expose it,the spring Aflies in over the wick, and, by engaging said tooth,prevents a further revolution ofthe wheel, and thus prevents the wickfrom being turned down entirely out of its reach, as clearly illustratedin? iig. 5 of the drawing.

In order to retract the springs or pawls Flcams g g (see iig. 5) areplaced under each of them, upon rods G G (see ijg. 4) extending,parallel to the rods carrying the ratchet-wheels, ou'tI to thc front ofthe lamp. The front ends of these cam-rods G G are bent, (see ig. 4,) tofacilitate the partial revolution thereof required in order to cause thecams g g to bear outwardly upon the springs F1? and retract them fromthe toothed wheels E E and frompressure bpon the Wicks.

H is the water-pan of 1n y improved'stove-lamp. It is formed withseparate arched recesses in its under side, terminating upwardly iuextended flat tubes, said recesses and tubes being made to fit over,embrace, and cover the toothed wheels, springs, and wick-tubesprojecting'from the top of the oil-reservoii-A, as illustrated'in thesectional iig. 2, and also in fig.

tPhe two arched recesses Communicate with a tiat recess, c, (see topview thereof in iig. 8,) extending to the outer edge of the vessel,through or under which the ends of the ratchet and cam-rods extend tothe iront when the water-pan is placed upon the oil-reser- 1 voir. Thefront portion of the pan is cut out with a semicurcular notch, (see fig.3,) to embrace the nozzle D of the oil-reservoir.

Upon the upperl side oi' the projecting arches in the water-pau formingthe arched recesses on the nnder side thereof, covering theratchet-wheels ofthewick-tubes, and .about the iiat tubes projectingfrom the arches to embrace said wick-tubes, I place closeiitt-ingjackets K K, of felt, cotton cloth, or other absorbent material, toextend fronn the bottom of the pau to near the upper edge of the tubes,so as to keep lsaid tubes constantly wet, and consequently cool, whenthe lamp is burning. v

Over this water-pan and the burners projectingtherefrom, I support, uponlegs L L, an annular plate, M, upon which is placed a drum, completingthe appa;

ratus for cooking and heating purposes. This drum consists of a bottomplate, O, provided with extended cones P P of ordinary form, to iit overthe upper ends of the wick-tubes and supply air to the flame, and withmetallic chimneys RR, which are secured 'at their lower ends to thcbottom plate O, so as to embrace the cones P P, and at .their upper endsto a top plate, S, through which they project slightly, as shown in iig.l; and it is completed by an outer perforated plate, N', secured to therims of thc-top and bottom plates S O, and inclosing the chimneys P Rwith an open chamber, :is illustrated in iig. 2.

Openings 'l T, fig; 1,`larc provided for lighting the wicks and viewing'the llames, said openings being closcdby means of a sliding door, iV,provided with mica windows corresponding thereto.

rlhe ovens and other cooking-utensils to beused ywith this stoveare'supported over the top plate S, or

combined therewith in the usual'manner.

I am aware that two or more Wicks have been use d in a divided wick-tubein ordinary lamps for the purpose ofl increasing the light, but myimprovements in wick-tubes are contined to lamps used for heatingpurposes, where the wicks are so placed in relation to each other asthat there is butone breadth ofwick in a horizontal line.

tubes projecting from the bottom of thewater-pnu,

to cover the same, substantially in the manner and for the purposeherein set forth.

3. One or more vertical,transverse partition-plates, c, secured in vthewick-tubes of a lamp for coal-oil stoves parallel to the ends of saidtubes, so as to divide the wide wicks usually employed therein into twoor more sections, substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinset forth.

4. A spring or pawl, F, so combined with the wielttube of an oil-lamp asto Aengage the teeth of'the ratchet-wheel operating the wick therein,when the wick is not interposed Abetween them, all substantially as andfor the purpose herein set forth.

5. The combination of a cam, g, with the'spring F, engaging theratchet-wheel of the wicktub'e of a lamp, and with au operating-rod, G,all substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

. Witness my hand tothis specification.

.Witnessem 4 'JOHN BOWLES.

DAVID A. BURR, H. H. YOUNG.

